Microsoft Ads Asset-Level Disapprovals: What Marketers Must Know
2 Dec 2025
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Security & Virtualization
Describe a common Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack aimed at an operating system (e.g., SYN Flood). Explain the specific OS resource the attack attempts to exhaust.
Explain what a Buffer Overflow vulnerability is at a basic level. Describe two common techniques an OS or compiler uses to prevent or mitigate this type of attack.
Compare Password-Based Authentication and Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA). Explain why MFA significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access even if a user's password is compromised.
Explain the security and stability importance of timely OS Patch Management. Describe the risks associated with delayed application of security patches (e.g., zero-day).
Define the security principles of Least Privilege and Separation of Privilege. Provide a clear OS component example (e.g., file permissions) that implements each principle.
Explain the role of a Firewall (host-based or network-based) in OS security. Describe the two fundamental actions it can take regarding network traffic.
List 4 distinct benefits of using Virtual Machines (VMs) in a modern computing environment (e.g., security, development). Distinguish between Type 1 and Type 2 Hypervisors.
Describe the conceptual structure of an Access Control Matrix. Use a simple 3-user, 3-file example to illustrate how it determines if User A can read File X.
Define the Trusted Computing Base (TCB). Explain why minimizing the size and complexity of the TCB is a fundamental principle of secure operating system design.
Explain the concept of a Sandbox environment in OS security. Describe its primary purpose and how it uses isolation to protect the host system.
Explain the concept of Role-Based Access Control (RBAC). Compare it to Discretionary Access Control (DAC) and state why RBAC is preferred in enterprise environments.
List 4 distinct categories of Biometric Authentication used in OS security (e.g., physiological, behavioral). State one significant security advantage over password-based methods.
Compare Capability-Based Lists and Access Control Lists (ACLs) as mechanisms for protection. Which mechanism is better suited for a decentralized system and why?
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